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Please see the attachments.
Version(s) of SMF: 2.1 RC4 (Full Install)
List any Modifications you have installed: nothing
List any Themes you have installed: default
Are you using UTF-8? Yes
Apache/IIS version?: 2.4.51
PHP version?: 8.0.13
Database type and version: MariaDB 10.4.22
Everything in your picture 04.jpg looks correct. You get the moderation warning, and once posted you will get an error that the topic is not there - because as a guest you are not allowed to see posts that aren't approved yet.
To make it simpler to diagnose, would you post exact steps to reproduce?